Y-12E Chinese Utility Aircraft

Y-12E

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Basic Information

Name

Y-12E Chinese Utility Aircraft

Designation

Y-12E

Alternate Designation

—

Equipment Type

—

Manufacturer

Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation

Date of Introduction

1991

Description

The Harbin Y-12 (Chinese: 运-12; pinyin: Yùn-12) is a high wing twin-engine turboprop utility aircraft built by Harbin Aircraft Industry Group (HAIG). Y-12E This development of the Y-12(IV) has 750-shp Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-135 turboprops with four-blade Hartzell propellers. Cruise rating is 700 shp at 1,900 rpm. This aircraft offers slightly lower specific fuel consumption and better "hot and high" performance with the single-engine ceiling rising to 4,900 meters (16,076 ft). The Y-12 started as a development of the Harbin Y-11 airframe called Y-11T in 1980. The design featured numerous improvements including a redesigned wing with a new low drag section, a larger fuselage and bonded rather than riveted construction. It also replaced the radial piston engines with turboprops. The prototype was followed by about 30 production Y-12 (I) aircraft before a revised version was produced. This was designated the Y-12 (II), which featured more powerful engines and removal of leading edge slats, first flying on 16 August 1984 and receiving Chinese certification in December of the following year. The power plants are two Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27 turboprops with Hartzell propellers. The Y-12 has a maximum takeoff weight of 5,700 kg (12,600 lb) with seating for 17 passengers and two crew. The aircraft is operated as a light commuter and transport aircraft. The latest development is the Y-12F, which is almost a new design with many improvements: new wings, new landing gear, new fuselage, with more powerful engines from Pratt & Whitney Canada and extended payload and range. The Y-12F made its maiden flight on December 29, 2010, received CAAC type certification on December 10, 2015, and FAA type certification on February 22, 2016. In 2015 Kenmore Air announced that they would begin development of floats for the Y-12 for FAA certification. The Y-12 completed the FAA evaluation flight tests for its automatic flight control system on June 30, 2018, with its performance meeting the requirements, said AVIC Harbin Aircraft Industry Company Ltd (AVIC HAFEI).

Air & Air Defense Specifications

Crew 2

Engine Turboprop (750 hp)

Max Speed 328.0 km/h

Range 189.0 km

Variants

Y-12 (I) Twin-engined STOL utility transport aircraft, powered by two 500-shp (373-kW) Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-11 turboprop engines. Prototype version.

Y-12 (II) Fitted with more powerful PT6A-27 engines.

Y-12 (III) Planned version to be fitted with WJ-9 turboprop. Evolved to Y-12C because of IV's success when WJ-9 development was completed.

Y-12 (IV) Improved version. Revised wingtips (span increased to 19.2 m (63 ft)) and increased takeoff weight. 19 passenger seats. This version is the first aircraft in the series certified by the FAA in 1995.

Y-12C Basically a (IV) version with WJ-9 turboprop, used by PLAAF for aerial survey.

Y-12D Domestically deployed military version with upgraded engines driving four-bladed propellers, used by PLA Airborne Corps for parachute training.

Y-12E Variant with 18 passenger seats. PT6A-135A engines of equal horsepower but increased torque driving four-bladed propellers. This version was certified by the FAA in 2006.

Y-12F The latest development with almost everything redesigned: wider fuselage, new wings, retractable landing gear and more powerful PT6A-65B engines. The Y-12F has higher cruise speed, longer range and can accommodate 19 passengers or 3x LD3 containers. Design started in April 2005 and the maiden flight was on 29 December 2010. CAAC type certification was received on 10 December 2015 and FAA certification on 22 February 2016. The Y-12F passed flight tests for its automatic flight control system by the FAA on 30 June 2018. It was demonstrated during the 2012 Zhuhai Airshow.

Y-12G Proposed cargo version of Y-12F.

Turbo Panda Export name for (II) version, marketed by England and Japanese companies. No real order due to airworthiness certification.

Twin Panda Originally (II) version for export. Later a modified Y-12 (IV) powered by two Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-34 turboprop engines and fitted with uprated undercarriage, upgraded avionics and interior. Thirty-five orders reportedly received by 2000 but production not proceeded with.

System

Alternate Designation(s) Y-12E

Primary Function / Type Utility Aircraft

Manufacturer Harbin Aircraft Industry Group

Crew 2 (pilot, co-pilot)

Passengers 19 passengers

Number of Engines 2

Number of Hard Points INA

Dimensions

Length 14.86 m

Height 5.58 m

Width (Wing Span) 19.20 m

Wing Area 36.90 sq m

Cabin Length 4.93 m

Cabin Width 1.46 m

Cabin Height 1.70 m

Volume 12.9 cu m

Empty Weight 3,000 kg

Payload Weight 1,700 kg

Maximum Takeoff Weight 5,300 kg

Automotive

Engine Name 2 x Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-135

Number of Engines 2

Engine Type Turboprop

Engine Power 750-shp shp each

Fuel Capacity 1,616 liters

Maximum Cruise Speed 328 km/h

Economy Cruise Speed 271 km/h

Range with Maximum Payload at 146 knots 189 km

Ceiling 7,000 m

Climb Rate, Both Engines 504 m/min

Climb Rate, One Engine 101 m/min

Protection

Stealth Properties None

Heat Signature Reduction No

Add on Armor No

NBC Protection INA

EW Counter Measures INA

Chaffs/Flares INA

Image Sources

Notes https://fl360aero.com/detail/nepal-airlines-calls-for-tenders-for-purchasing-three-twin-otters-after-chinese-aircraft-issues/1498; https://x.com/sushbhattarai/status/781154327297609729;

Details

Country of Origin China

Category Fixed Wing Aircraft

Air > Fixed Wing Aircraft

Classification

Domain

Air & Air Defense

Equipment Status

Active

Dimensions

Length

14.86 m

Width

19.2 m

Height

5.58 m

Weight

5300 kg

Operators (2)

China

Costa Rica

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