2S6M Tunguska-M (SA-19 Grison) Russian 30mm Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft System
2s6M Tunguska-M
Tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon armed with a anti-aircraft gun and missile system.
Other
Basic Information
Name
2S6M Tunguska-M (SA-19 Grison) Russian 30mm Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft System
Designation
2s6M Tunguska-M
Alternate Designation
2s6M Tunguska-M; NATO: SA-19; 2K22M
Equipment Type
Tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon armed with a anti-aircraft gun and missile system.
Manufacturer
—
Date of Introduction
1990
Description
The 2S6M Tunguska-M (SA-19 Grison) Russian 30mm Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft System was designed as a replacement for the ZSU-23-4 'Shilka' for use against low-flying aircraft, helicopters and air-to-surface missiles. It is believed that the system also has a secondary capability against armored fighting vehicles and similar ground targets.
Ground Specifications
Crew
4
Mobility Type
Tracked
Main Weapon
2 x Shipunov 2A38M 30mm Autocannons
Engine
Diesel (780 hp)
NBC Protection
Yes
Max Speed
65.0 km/h
Range
500.0 km
Variants
2S6
The first version of the vehicle had four missiles, two on either side of the turret.
2S6M
The main production variant was introduced in 1990 and is also known as 2K22M. Armed with 9M311M surface-to-air missiles and based on the GM-352M chassis. It has eight missiles.
2S6M1
Digital interface Ranzhir automated command-and-control system, new fire control system, new missile 9M311M with a maximum range of 10 km. Existing 2S6M Tunguska to be upgraded to the new standard.
Pantsir-S1
An improved version of Tunguska was exhibited in 1993, known in Russia as the Pantsir-S1 (or Pantzyr) system, with a larger missile (designated 9M335 or 57E6) and a range increased to 12 km. The NATO designator for this system is SA-22 'Greyhound'.
System
Alternative Designation
2s6M Tunguska-M; NATO: SA-19; 2K22M
Type
tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon armed with a surface-to-air gun and missile system.
Chassis
GM-352M tracked vehicle
Crew
The TELAR for Tunguska has a crew of four.
Battery
A typical Tunguska battery is reported to include six tracked TELAR vehicles, six 2F77 transporter and reload vehicles, two repair and one test vehicle. The system has a reported reload time of 16 minutes.
Dimensions
Length
7.93 m
Width
3.24 m
Height, TAR Up
4.02 m
Height, TAR Down
3.36 m
Weight, Combat
34,000 kg
Automotive
Engine Name
V-46
Engine Type
Diesel
Engine Power
780 hp
Maximum Range
500 km
Speed, Maximum Road
65 km/h
Speed,Maximum Off-Road
40 km/h
Speed,Maximum Difficult Terrain
10 km/h
Speed Maximum Swim
Not Amphibious
Gradient
60%
Side Slope
30%
Vertical Step
1.0 m
Trench
1.0 m
Fording Depth
1.0 m
Gun Weapon System
Anti-Aircraft Cannon
Name
2 x Shipunov 2A38M 30mm Autocannons
Type
Autocannon
Caliber
30 mm
Length
3.027 m
Barrel Length
2,416 mm
Barrels
Twin barrel,
Weight
195 kg
Action
Gas-operated
Muzzle Velocity
960 m/s
Rate of Fire
1,950-2,500 rds./min for each gun
Rifling
Right hand twist
Effective Range
2,000 m in altitude with a maximum slant range of 4,000 m
Maximum Elevation
+87 deg
Minimum Elevation
-10 deg
Fire on the Move
Yes
Feed System
Belt fed, single belt feed
Ammunition
Type
2A42
Caliber
30 mm
Cartridge
30 × 165mm
Round Weight
0.842 kg
Projectile Weight
0.389 kg
Basic Load
1,904 Rounds Carried
Missile Weapon System
Surface-to-Air Missile
Name
2x4 9M311 surface to air missiles. The eight missiles are contained in two groups of four canisters, and are located outboard of the gun systems.
Length
2.63 m
Diameter
A boost motor body diameter of 0.152 m, a second stage (sustainer motor) body diameter of 0.076 m.
Weight
42.0 kg
Motor
The missile has a two-stage solid-propellant motor, with the first tandem boost motor jettisoned.
Guidance System
The missiles are radio-command-guided, with manual track of the target and automatic missile track and missile guidance commands. A pulsed light source is located on the rear of the missile to assist with tracking.
Warhead
The missile has a 9 kg high explosive (HE) expanding rod warhead, with the rods having small cube fragments wrapped around them.
Maximum Speed
900 m/s
Fuze
Active laser proximity fuse
Maximum Range
10 km
Fire Control
FCS Name
INA
Computerized FCS
Yes
IFF
Yes, IFF system (1RL138), operating in C-and D-band
Direct-view Optics (DVO)
Yes
Fire on the Move
It is reported to be able to fire on the move at up to 45 km/h.
Radar Systems
Note
At the front of the turret is the circular antenna of the X-band (8 to 12 GHz) engagement radar, used to track the target and direct the gun. At the rear is a parabolic antenna for the 1RL144 C-band (4 to 6 GHz) surveillance and target acquisition radar, known as 'Hot Shot' by NATO. The two radars are supplemented by a 1A29 EO system, which is believed to include a thermal imaging sight, TV system, laser rangefinder, and laser designator. It is thought that the EO system can be utilized for passive surveillance, tracking, and target designation, as well as augmenting radar performance in heavy electronic countermeasures conditions. The EO system has a ×8 magnification and an 8° field of view. The Russians quote a system reaction time of 8 seconds, a target acquisition range of 18 km, and a missile range from 2.5 to 10 km. The missile can engage targets between 10 and 3,500 m altitude.
Protection
Hull Armor
The armor protects the Tunguska from small arms fire and shell splinters. This allows the Tunguska to be used near the front line. However, the Tunguska remains vulnerable to most kinds of direct fire. The standoff range of its missiles enhances survivability against combat helicopters equipped with long-range anti-tank missiles and ground-attack aircraft.
Applique Armor
INA
NBC Protection
Yes
Smoke Equipment
INA
Image Sources
Notes
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2S6M_combat_vehicle_2K22M_Tunguska-M_-_TankBiathlon14part2-25.jpg; https://edu.svet.gob.gt/2002-ford-ranger-truck-bed-for-sale/ukraine-s-2s6-tunguska-system-destroyed-a-russian-cruise-hh-mWzyQzU2; https://www.flickr.com/photos/dtowncracka/15052959928; https://armyrecognition.com/military-products/army/air-defense-systems/self-propelled-anti-aircraft-guns/2s6m-tunguska-m-russia-uk?highlight=WyJydXNzaWEiXQ%3D%3D
Details
Country of Origin
Russia
Category
Land
Land
Filter Label
2
Classification
Domain
Ground
Equipment Status
Active
Dimensions
Length
7.93 m
Width
3.24 m
Height
—
Weight
34000 kg
Operators (6)
Russia
Ukraine
India
Morocco
Yemen
CFE Treaty
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