Basic Information

Name

Tor M2DT Russian Amphibious Short-Range Air Defense Missile System

Designation

Tor M2DT

Alternate Designation

Tor M2DT

Equipment Type

Short-Range Surface-to-Air Missile System

Manufacturer

Russia

Date of Introduction

2018

Description

The system is especially designed to be used for Arctic region at temperatures up to -50 degrees C based on the chassis of the DT-30PM tracked all-terrain vehicle and is capable of detecting over 40 air targets, especially high-precision weapons, and to track and engage up to four of them simultaneously at a range of up to 12 km and altitudes up to 10 km with its 16 missiles even on the move. Its creation was completed in 2018 and the first delivery of 12 systems was held in November of the same year. The Tor-M2DT is an Arctic version of the Tor-M2 (NATO reporting name: SA-15 Gauntlet) system. It is designed to provide air and ballistic missile defense at the battalion level. The Tor-M2DT covers strategic administrative facilities, the first echelons of land formations from strikes by anti-radar and cruise missiles, glide bombs, planes, helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles. It can operate in manual and automatic modes. The Tor system monitors the airspace and downs independently all the aerial targets unrecognized by the identification friend-or-foe device. The Tor-M2DT has been developed on the basis of a two-section prime mover to operate in the harsh conditions of the Arctic and the Extreme North and at a temperature of -50°C. It is based on the DT-30 tracked chassis to be able to float and move in cross-country terrain. The Tor-M2DT comprises 16 vertically-launched air defense missiles with a target engagement range of up to 12 kilometers (7 miles) and an altitude range of up to 10,000 meters. The upgraded target acquisition station is capable of detecting stealth aerial targets.

Ground Specifications

Crew 3

Mobility Type Tracked

Main Weapon 16 vertically-launched air defense missiles

Engine Diesel (800 hp)

Active Protection None

NBC Protection Yes

Range 700.0 km

Variants

9K330 Tor he project was given strict design specifications to meet; Tor had to provide extended detection and tracking of fast, low radar cross section targets and be capable of quickly and efficiently dealing with massed air raids, whilst providing a high degree of automation and integration with other air defence assets. In order to meet these demanding specifications, the designers used a variety of new technologies, including advanced Passive electronically scanned array radar for improved detection and tracking performance, enhanced digital information processing, and vertically launched missiles to improve reaction time and increase the number of readily available munitions. After a period of testing and evaluation between December 1983 and December 1984, the land based system was accepted into service on 19 March 1986.

9K331 Tor-M1 "Tor-M1", introduced in 1991 with the 9M331 missile, with greatly improved missile accuracy[4] and the ability to engage two targets simultaneously, minimum range 1.5 km (0.93 mi), minimum height 10 m. Even while the Tor was being introduced into service, work started on improving the system, resulting in an enhanced version, the Tor-M1. Many improvements over the original system were made; these included the addition of a second fire control channel, allowing two targets to be engaged at once; as well as upgrades to the optical tracking system and computer equipment. ECM protection and warhead design were also modified, as was the ammunition handling system. State tests, conducted between March and December 1989, showed that the result was a system which could engage more targets in a shorter time frame with reaction times reduced by over a second and an increased probability of target destruction.[2] Further modifications occurred partly as a response of insight gained from the 1995 NATO bombing in Bosnia and Herzegovina resulting in the Tor-M1-1, or Tor-M1V, which offered improved network connectivity and ECM functions as well as protection against countermeasures.

9K332 Tor-M2E Upgrades have continued over the lifetime of the system, with developer Almaz Antey unveiling the newest incarnation of the Tor missile system, the Tor-M2E, at the MAKS Airshow in 2007.

Tor-M1-2U Tor-M1-2U" entered service at the end of 2012. This system is designed to destroy aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, missiles, and other precision guided weapons, flying at medium, low and very low altitudes in all weather. The system is able to engage four targets simultaneously at a height of up to 10 kilometers. Its crew consists of three people. Deliveries are underway. It can hit targets on the move, at a speed of up to 25 km/h (includes all the necessary functions for independent fight).

3K95 Kinzhal (Naval Variant) The 3K95 "Kinzhal" (Russian: Кинжал – dagger) is the naval version of the Tor missile system developed by Altair and has the NATO reporting name SA-N-9 Gauntlet. Using the same 9M330 missile as the land based version, the system can be mounted on vessels displacing over 800 tonnes and is known to be installed on Admiral Kuznetsov class aircraft carriers, Kirov class multimission cruisers, Udaloy class anti-submarine destroyers and Neustrashimy class frigates. The naval version of the later Tor-M1 is known as the "Yozh" (Russian: Ёж – hedgehog), while the export version of the Kinzhal is known as "Klinok"

Tor-M2KM The Tor-M2KM is a self-contained fighting module version of the system that can be mounted in various locations. In October 2016, it was loaded onto the helipad of the Admiral Grigorovich frigate by means of an ordinary wharf crane and fixed in position with steel chains to fire at simulated cruise missiles while the ship was underway. This could give advanced SAM capabilities to vessels without the capacity to install the larger and heavier Kinzhal system; it can also be mounted on a truck, building roof, or any horizontal surface at least 2.5 m wide and 7.1 m long. The module weighs 15 tons and contains all equipment needed to operate without any external support. It can go from standby to full alert in 3 minutes and acquire 144 air targets while simultaneously tracking the 20 most dangerous ones marked for priority by the two-man crew. The Tor-M2 km missiles have a range of 15 km.

Tor-M2DT The system is especially designed to be used for Arctic region at temperatures up to -50 degrees C based on the chassis of the DT-30PM tracked all-terrain vehicle and is capable of detecting over 40 air targets, especially high-precision weapons, and to track and engage up to four of them simultaneously at a range of up to 12 km and altitudes up to 10 km with its 16 missiles even on the move. Its creation was completed in 2018 and the first delivery of 12 systems was held in November of the same year.

Tor-2E JSC Rosoboronexport, part of the Rostec State Corporation, has started promoting the newest Tor-E2 SAM system developed and produced by the Almaz-Antey Air and Space Defence Concern in 2018. Tor-E2 combat vehicle is an independent, mobile, all-terrain fighting unit that provides detection and identification of air targets on the march and at the halt, target lock-on and engagement at the halt, from a short stop and on the move. A battery of the four-channel Tor-E2 SAM systems, consisting of four combat vehicles, can simultaneously engage up to 16 targets flying from any direction at a range of at least 15 km and an altitude of up to 12 km. Each vehicle carries 16 missiles, twice as many as the previous version of the Tor system. In addition, the two Tor-E2 combat vehicles can operate in the "link" mode, which enables them to exchange information about the air situation at different altitude ranges and coordinate joint engagement operations. In this mode, one of the combat vehicles, acting from an ambush, receives information from the other one and does not reveal itself until the launch of the missile. A command post can be attached to a battery of four Tor-E2 combat vehicles to control and coordinate the Tor combat vehicles and interact with the customer's air defense control system.

HQ-17 (China Variant) The HQ-17 (Hongqi-17) is China's reported variant of the Tor-M1 system. In 1996, China ordered 14 Tor-M1 missile systems from Russia which were delivered under contract in 1997. In 1999, another contract for 13 Tor-M1 systems was signed between Russia and China. Delivery of the systems took place in 2000.

FM-2000 FM-2000 is a mobile short-range air-defence (SHORAD) system unveiled by China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation at the 2018 Zhuhai Airshow and in service as of 2019. Its range is 15 km and engagement altitude is 10 km. It is carried on a 3 axle TEL. It is a version of the HQ-17.

System

Alternative Designation Tor M2DT

Type Short-Range Air Defense Missile System

Family Tor Missile System

Manufacturer Russia

In Service 2018-Preseent

Crew 3 ea

Chassis DT-30PM tracked carrier

Displacement Time INA

Emplacement Time INA

Fire on the Move Yes

Note The DT-30PM tracked carrier was specially designed to operate over difficult terrain where there are no roads. It has articulated configuration the with two sections. The front section of the Tor M2DT has a fully enclosed forward control cab for the driver and operators. It also accommodates the engine. The rear unit carries missile launchers and radars.

Dimensions

Length 16.3 m

Width 3.1 m

Height, in Traveling Order 4.5 m

Weight, Combat 40-45 tons

Ground Pressure INA

Automotive

Engine Name YaMZ-847-10 Diesel

Engine Type Diesel

Engine Power 800 hp

Maximum Range 700 km

Speed, Maximum Road 45 km/h

Speed, Average Cross INA

Speed Maximum Swim 5 km/h

Gradient 60 %

Side Slope 30 %

Vertical Step 1.5

Trench up to 4.5 m

Fording Depth Amphibious

Missile System

Name 9M338 missiles

Type Short-Range Air Defense Missile

Launcher The 9M338K is a designation of the missile in its launch container.

Missile Length, with Container 2.94

Missile Diameter, with Container 0.24

Fin Span INA

Basic Load 16

Missile Weight 163 kg

Warhead Type HE-FRAG

Warhead Weight INA

Range of Fire 16 km

Altitude of Fire 10 km

Reload Time Reloading vehicle of the Tor M2DT is fitted with a crane and carries reload missiles. It is also based on the same DT-30PM articulated all-terrain tracked carrier chassis. It takes around 30 to 45 minutes to reload a full set of 16 missiles.

Note This system can engage all kinds of modern air targets. It can be used against aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, various missiles and precision guided munitions. It destroys targets that long- and medium-range air defense systems fail to hit.

Fire Control

Fire Control System

Name INA

Computerized FCS Yes

Direct Fire Yes

Indirect Fire Yes

Targets The Tor M2DT can engage multiple targets simultaneously. It is claimed that this air defense system can deflect massive enemy air raids, when enemy extensively uses electronic countermeasures.

Note The Tor M2DT can engage multiple targets simultaneously. It is claimed that this air defense system can deflect massive enemy air raids, when enemy extensively uses electronic countermeasures.

Radar

Name INA

Type INA

Function INA

Frequency/Band INA

Range INA

Number of Targets System can Track The Tor M2DT can engage multiple targets simultaneously

Protection

Hull Armor The Tor M2DT is unarmored and carries no defensive weapons other than its air defense missiles.

Applique Armor No

Explosive Reactive Armor No

Active Protection System No

Mine Clearing No

Self-Entrenching Blade No

NBC Protection Yes

Smoke Equipment No

Image Sources

Notes https://development.weaponsystems.net/system/151-Pantsir-SA; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tor-M2DT_-_NightRehearsal270417-38.jpg;