Basic Information

Name

BMP-1D Russian Infantry Fighting Vehicle (IFV)

Designation

BMP-1 'Afghan' (BMP Desantnaya (Assault))

Alternate Designation

BMP-1 'Afghan' (BMP Desantnaya (Assault))

Equipment Type

—

Manufacturer

Kurganmashzavod

Date of Introduction

1982

Description

A non-amphibious BMP-1D (the so-called 'Afghan' variant), was built in 1982 for assault units in Afghanistan. It had 5 mm thick appliqué steel armor plates on the hull sides with holes for side firing ports as well as armor plate under the commander's and driver's seats for added protection against mines. It also had large steel armored skirts fitted to the sides of the hull covering the suspension. Firing ports were added into the top hatches of the troop compartment and a stowage box was placed on the roof at the rear of the hull on some vehicles. The 9S428 ATGM launcher was often removed and replaced by an AGS-17 automatic grenade launcher. Due to experience in Afghanistan, a new version with enhanced fighting capabilities, the BMP-2, was introduced in 1980. It had a new two-man turret armed with a 30 mm 2A42 multi-purpose autocannon and a 9P135M-1 ATGM launcher capable of firing SACLOS guided 9M113 Konkurs and 9M113M Konkurs-M as well as 9M111 and 9M111-2 Fagot ATGMs. Later modernization plans included mounting the turret of the BMD-2 IFV on to BMP-1s, but the vehicle never left the design phase. Recent proposals for the modernization of BMP-1s include mounting new turrets armed with a 2A72 30 mm (1.2 in) autocannon, finally approved in 2018, or a TKB-799 Kliver one-man weapons station with a computerized fire control system, armed with a missile pod (which can be armed with either four 9M133 Kornet (AT-14 Spriggan) or 9M133F Kornet ATGMs or 9K38 Igla (SA-18 Grouse) SAMs), a 30 mm 2A72 dual-purpose autocannon and a 7.62 mm (0.300 in) PKTM coaxial machine gun (BMP-1AM ‘Basurmanin’ and BMP-1M respectively).

Ground Specifications

Crew 3

Engine Diesel (360 hp)

Active Protection None

Variants

BMP-1 BMP-1 is the first mass produced, tracked IFV of the erstwhile USSR. It is the first variant of the now obsolete BMP model designed in 1966. Considered to be the world's first true IFV, it is also a radical departure from the armoured vehicle designs of the USSR since the Second World War. With over 55,000 BMP-1s and variants having been produced, it is numerically one of the most significant armoured vehicles produced across the world.

BMP-1P BMP-1P (Ob'yekt 765 Sp4). The main changes were the replacement of the largely ineffective 9M14M Malyutka ATGM with the more reliable, longer range and more powerful 9P135M or 9P135M-1 ATGM launcher.

BMP-1M Kliver turret & drop down gate

Type 86/WZ-501 (China) Chinese BMP-1 IFV

BMP-1 KShM (Command Vehicle) Communication equipment similar to BMD KShM variant

BMP-1G ICV AT-4/AT-5 ATGM & 30-mm AGS-17 AGL

BMP-1K (BMP 1974) Command variant with additional radios, sealed right-side firing ports, & antenna

BMP-1 with Soviet modifications in Afghanistan Applique armor, AT-4 ATGM mount; some with AGS-17 30-mm AGL

BMP-IRM (“Zhuk”-Beetle) Engineer recon vehicle with front mine claws; 1 MG only

BMP-1 with mine plow KMT-8 or KMT-10 mine-clearing plows attached

MP-31 Modernized command vehicle

BMP-R (BMP M1976) Recon vehicle with larger rear hatches & 2-man turret

BRM-1/BRM-1K Reconnaissance BMP-R with a GS-12 Tall Mike radar ILO AT-3 Sagger (see Chapter 1)

BREM-2 Light recovery vehicle w/crane

BMP-40 Larger turret; carries 6 soldiers, prototype model only

PRP-3/PRP-4 (Radar) Artillery recon vehicle with 7.62 MG ILO 73-mm cannon

VP-90 (Czech Republic) Recon with OT-64 turret; 14.5-mm & 7.62-mm MGs

SVO Mineclearer (Czech Republic) Turretless BMP-1 with 24 245-mm explosive rockets

BMP-PP0 Training variant w/o turret

Snezka (Czech Republic) Battlefield surveillance vehicle

PRAM-S (Czech Republic) SP 120-mm mortar carrier

BMP-1 Finnish variant East German vehicles with autoloaders removed

BMP-1 with Poyaud engine (Egypt) 150 with replaced 10.47-liter Poyaud 6-cylinder engine

BMP-1 with applique armor (Iraq) Armor added to resist 12.7-mm & 14.5-mm armor-piercing shells at 200 m

BMP-1A1 Ost In 1990, Germany created more space (6 passengers) & removed the automatic loader

BMP-1 with CERAWA armor (Poland) CERAWA ERA on the glacis, hull, & turret front

OT-90 (Czech Republic) OT-64 1-man turret with 14.5-mm & 7.62-mm machine guns

BPzV (Czech Republic) Recon with Tall Mike radar

DP-90 (Czech Republic) Recon with Tall Mike ra0T-90 maintenance variant adar

MU-90 (Czech Republic) Turretless mine-laying OT-90

MLI-84 (Romania) Larger & heavier w/ 12.7-mm machine gun

Pansarbandvgn 501 (Pbv 501 (Sweden) East German vehicles to mechanized Swedish infantry

BREM-4 recovery vehicle No turret & crane (Czech version is the VPV)

BRM-23 (Bulgaria) Recon with 23-mm cannon

82-mm SP Automatic mortar (Hungary) Vasilyek mortar ILO troop compartment

System

Alternate Designation BMP-1 'Afghan' (BMP Desantnaya (Assault))

Manufacturer Kurganmashzavod (Soviet Union)[

Description IFV with exit doors in the rear with space for 8 soldiers; 4 firing ports on each side; 1 firing port in left rear door

Crew 3 ea

Passengers 7 ea

Dimensions

Length 6.74 m

Width 2.94 m

Height 2.15 m

Weight, Combat 14.5 tons

Automotive

Engine Name UTD-23 (Upgraded Engine)

Engine Type Diesel

Engine Power 360 hp

Cruising Range 500 km

Speed, Maximum Road 65 km/h

Speed, Average Cross 45 km/h

Speed, Maximum Swim Not Amphibious km/h

Gradient 60 %

Side Slope 30 %

Trench 0.7 m

Vertical Step 2.2 m

Fording Depth Not Amphibious m

Fuel Capacity 462 liters

Ground Pressure 0.65 kg/cm²

Communications

Type R-123M Radio

Radio Range 16-55 km

Main Weapon System

System

Name 2A28 Grom

Type Smooth bore semi-automatic gun

Caliber 73 mm

In Service 1966 - Present

Manufacturer KBP

Proliferation INA

Weight 115 kg

Length 1,195 mm

Width 218 mm

Height 322 mm

Barrels 1 ea

Maximum Elevation +33 deg

Minimum Elevation -4 deg

Traverse Range 40 deg

Traverse Left 20 deg

Traverse Right 20 deg

Rate of Fire 8 rds/min

Maximum Firing Range 4,500 m

Sights 1PN22M, 1PN22M2

Loader Type Autoloader

Ammunition (Option 1)

Name PG-15V

Type HEAT

Caliber 73 mm

Muzzle Velocity 665 m/s

Maximum Firing Range 4,500 m

Shell Variants PG-15V (HEAT), OG-15V (HE-FRAG), PG-15VN (HEAT-DP)

Basic Load 40 ea

Wire-Guided Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM)

9M113 Konkurs (AT-5 Spandrel), SACLOS Wire-Guided Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM)

Type SACLOS Wire-Guided Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM)

Manufacturer Tula Machinery Design Bureau (Tula KBP) – Tulsky Oruzheiny Zavod

In Service 1974-Present

Proliferation Algeria– used by mechanized infantry units Armenia Azerbaijan Egypt – mounted on Fahd armoured personnel carriers purchased in 1990s Belarus The launcher is been locally produced and upgraded. Bulgaria Croatia Cuba – not confirmed Czech Republic Eritrea[ Finland – known as PstOhj 82M, fired from 9P135M-1 launchers (withdrawn from service) Georgia Guinea Hungary Indonesia – mounted on BVP-2 infantry fighting vehicles operated by the marine corps India – 15,000 Konkurs-M, ordered in 2008 for Rs 1,380-crore. Another 10,000 Konkurs-M ordered for US$250 million in 2012. A new contract was signed in 2019 for USD 110 mln. Iran– produced domestically as Tosan-1 Iraq Ivory Coast (reported) Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Morocco[ Mongolia Moldova– used on BRDM-2 North Korea – produced domestically Pakistan – Used on Viper infantry fighting vehicle Peru Romania Russia – about 300 Konkurs-M complexes delivered annually in the last years (2014) Slovakia Turkmenistan Turkey Syria Ukraine Houthis – Tosan version

Variants 9M14M, 9M14P1, Malyutka-2, Malyutka-2F

Weight (Missile) 14.6 kg

Weight (9P135 Launching Post) 22.5 kg

Length 1,150 mm

Diameter 135 mm

Warhead Weight 2.7 kg

Detonation Mechanism Contract

Engine Solid-fuel rocket

Wingspan 468 mm

Maximum Operational Range 4 km

Minimum Operational Range 70 m

Speed 208 m/s

Guidance system Wire-guided SACLOS

Steering system Two control surfaces

Launch platform Individual, vehicle

Penetration 600mm of RHA

Basic Load 4 ea

9K111 Fagot SACLOS Wire-Guided Anti-Tank Missile (ATGM)

Type SACLOS Wire-Guided Anti-Tank Missile (ATGM)

Manufacturer Tula Machinery Design Bureau (Tula KBP)

In Service 1970-present

Launcher Type 9P135 launching post

Missile Weight 12.5 kg

9P135 Launching Post Weight 22.5 kg

Length 1,100 mm

Diameter 120 mm

Action 400 mm versus RHA or 200 mm towards armour inclined at 60°

Rate of Fire 3 rds/min

Muzzle Velocity (At Launch) 80 m/s

Muzzle Velocity (In Flight) 186 m/s

Effective Firing Range 10-2,500 m

Warhead Type HEAT

Warhead Weight 1.7 kg

Guidance system SACLOS wire-guided missile

Traverse Range 360 deg

Traverse Left 180 deg

Traverse Right 180 deg

Maximum Elevation +20 deg

Minimum Elevation -20 deg

Basic Load 4 ea

Grenade Launcher

Name AGS-17 Plamya, 30mm Automatic Grenade Launcher

Type Automatic Grenade Launcher

Manufacturer Molot plant

In Service 1970-Present

Proliferation Widely Proliferated

Weight 31 kg

Length 840 mm

Rate of Fire 400 rds/min

Effective Firing Range 800-1,700 m

Maximum Effective Range 1,700 m

Action Blowback

Feed system 29 grenades belt

Sights Adjustable iron sights, optional mount required for optical sights

Variants AG-17A helicopter-mounted version

Ammunition

Name VOG-17M

Type 30mm Grenade

Cartridge 30×29mm grenade

Muzzle Velocity 185 m/s

Warhead high explosive fragmentation warhead.

Effective Firing Range 800-1,700

Basic Load 40 ea

Coaxial Weapon System

System

Name 1 x 7.62mm PKT (Kalashnikov's Machine Gun) General-Purpose Machine Gun

Type General-Purpose Machine Gun

Caliber 7.62 mm

Function In use as a front-line infantry and vehicle-mounted weapon with Russia's armed forces.

In Service 1961-present

Manufacturer Degtyaryov plant

Proliferation 1 Million +

Max Rate of Fire 650 rds/min

Effective Rate of Fire 250-300 rds/min

Weight (Gun Only) 9 kg

Weight (Tripod Only) 7.7 kg

Action Gas-operated, open bolt

Length (Overall) 1,203 mm

Length (Barrel) 605 mm

Feed System Non-disintegrating metal 50 round belts in 100 and 200/250 round ammunition boxes

Sights Iron Sights

Note The 7.62 PKT can be controlled remotely and is slaved to the main gun,

Ammunition

Name 57-N-323S

Type Rifle

Caliber 7.62 mm

Cartridge 7.62×54mmR km

Muzzle Velocity 855 m/s

Basic Load 950 ea

Accuracy of fire at 300 meters 90 mm

Fire Control

Name INA

Computerized FCS Yes

Thermal Vehicle Commander Yes, TKN-3B day night sight with variable magnification

Thermal Gunner Yes, TVNE-1PA active IR night vision metascope

Main Gun Stabilization No

Gyrocompass Yes, GPK-59 electrical gyrocompass

Firing Ports 9+, additional firing ports have been added onto the top hatches of the troop compartment

Day Periscopes 4 ea

Search Light OU-3GK IR search light

Search Light Range 400 m

Protection

Armor (turret front) Protection from 12.7mm AP rounds

Applique Armor Kovriki turret armour, plus 5-6 mm thick appliqué steel armour on the sides of the hull as well as five plates per side covering the suspension and additional armour under the commander's and driver's seats for protection against mines.

Explosive Reactive Armor Available

Active Protection System No

Self-entrenching Blade No

NBC Protection System GO-27 radioactive and chemical agent detector

Chemical Decontamination Kits TDP chemical decontamination kits

Smoke Equipment Yes, a upgraded 81mm 902V "Tucha" smoke grenade launcher

Survivability Equipment INA

Grenade Launcher Yes, RPG-7 light grenade launcher with grenades

Scavenger System Yes

Mine Plough Yes, KMT-10 plough-type mine-clearing system

Fire-Extinguisher System Yes

Image Sources

Notes https://www.defensenews.com/land/2015/05/09/bmp-upgrades-drive-algerian-modernization/; https://worlddefencenews.blogspot.com/2016/12/ukroboronprom-from-ukraine-launches-new.html;